Pelle Ehn and Morten Kyng were the leaders of a project called Utopia, which works with users throughout the creation and design of new tools. Kyng and Ehn used the idea of a skilled worker to model their user. Similar to Engelbart, they take the craft design process and craft use of tools as models of good software design. The Utopia Project took place in the early 1980s, but today its methods have continued in the Participatory Design movement. The authors take on their questioning through the troubles of the Scandinavian newspaper business. I found to be particularly interesting their discussion and serious advocation for “mock-ups.”
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